Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower. Molybdenum is a chemical element used for the strengthening and hardening of steel. Chemical composition % of austenitic stainless steel grades used for. This grade of stainless steel is commonly used in the surgical industry, paper pulp industry as well as in the production of dyes and chemicals. Type 304 and 316 since it is highly resistant to chloride.
Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance, it is usually reserved to very aggressive. The mobearing type 316 and type 317 alloys on the other hand, will handle waters with up to about 2000 and 5000 ppm chloride, respectively. Similarly, type 316 is durable, easytofabricate, clean, weld and finish. Both are nonmagnetic, austenitic, and nonhardenable through heat treatment. For example, type 304, one of the most frequently used stainless steel compositions having application in a broad range of products from cookware to chemical plant equipment, has several variations. Type 316 is more resistant to corrosion that type 304, especially chlorides pitting attack, and it is widely used in chemical processing because of. This compilation of stainless steel grade datasheets has been produced by atlas steels. It is a complete revision of the design manual for structural stainless steel, which was prepared by the steel construction institute between 1989 and 1992 and published by euro inox in 1994. Similar to 304, grade 316 stainless steel has high amounts of chromium. Alro steel metals guide stainless steel 201 alloy is a high performance austenitic stainless steel formulated to have a lower and more stable cost due to the substitution of manganese for a portion of the nickel used in 300 series stainless steels such as type 304. Pdf corrosion resistance of the aisi 304, 316 and 321 stainless.
The columns at amstelveen bus station in the netherlands were clad with a pattern rolled stainless steel. The mechanical properties of both steel sheets are almost the same, and both have similar makeup material. Wall thickness t inches inside diameter d inches 180. Highly stressed stainless steel applications inside pool buildings can be susceptible to stress corrosion cracking scc and possible catastrophic failure. Whats the difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel. Types 304 and 304l stainless steels useful for many applications. Aluminum brass bronze hastelloy, c276 malleable iron carbon steel monel stainless steel, 304 stainless steel, 316 nylon polypropylene seal material aluminum continued aluminum potassium sulfate alum 2 2 2 2 x 2 x 2 x a tevnb aluminum sulfate sat. Still, type 316 has more nickel than type 304 that helps 316 types resist more against chlorinated solutions such as seawater and deicing salts. Stainless steel grades and performances 230608 vipram. The fact that the surface finish survives the forming operation makes the combination of the material and the formingtechnique costeffective. With less carbon content than aisi 201, they are less resistant and durable easier to bend and break. Most stainless steel ordered around the world is grade 304.
As part of the five families of stainless steel, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel are austenitic grades that contain high levels of chromium and nickel. Type 316 316l is a molybdenumcontaining austenitic stainless steel intended to provide improved corrosion resistance relative to type 304 304l in moderately corrosive process environments, particularly those containing chlorides or other halides. Stainless steel guide selecting proper stainless steel. Stainless 304 usually consists of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. The difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel black. How to identify stainless steel 304 grade or 316 grade. When compared with austenitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels have the following. The difference between 304 and 316 stainless steels youtube. Evaluate the long term corrosion behavior of types 304 and 316 stainless steel as repair sleeves in municipal sewer piping system environments. The other element that is of importance is the carbon content of the stainless steel. Steel weight calculator stainless, aluminum, nickel. The easiest way to tell 316 from 304 is to look for markings, it may be marked 188 18 % cr 8% ni as 304 or 18102 18% cr 10% ni 2% mo as 316 in sparking you can use a fine grade grinding stone in a dark area and you will see the 316 has a darker redder shorter spark, as for being magnetic, 316 is not normally nor is 304, very. It is versatile and durable and has good resistance to oxidation and corrosion. This explains, in part, why crevices, surface pits, and tubercles are common sites of corrosion problems.
General properties type 316 type 316 alloy is a molybdenum bearing stainless steel. Make sure the file is no larger than 1mb and should be one of these file formats. The lower carbon content minimizes chromium carbide precipitation due to welding and its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. Stainless steel guide selecting proper stainless steel grades. Typical analysis type 316 represented by astma240 and asme sa240. The exposure limit for ironcontaining fumes has been established at 5 mgm3 with acgihs twa. Chromium the key element in stainless steels in excess of about 10. Standard 304 grade can against corrosion attack due to high chromium content with low carbon content. See the major difference in the chemical composition below. Differentiation between 304 vs 316 stainless steel grade. Outwardly, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel look very similar. Grade 304 is typically more affordable than grade 316.
Stainless steel imc is often specified in corrosive environments where it is subjected to harsh chemical treatments or washdowns due to its lighter weight, precise tolerances, and ease of installation. Mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel having a thickness 160 mm bar. Three types of stainle ss steel aisi 304, aisi 316, aisi 321 with. Stainless 302, 304, 304l, 305 united performance metals.
While 316 comes in second in terms of quantities sold, it offers vastly superior corrosion resistance to chlorides and acids. Stainless supply stainless steel adjustable wall shelving. Type 305, on the other hand, has a lower workhardening rate than type 304 and is better suited to cold forming operations, while type 303 is the more machinable variation of type 304. The distinction between 188 and 304 305 is the small addition of carbon added to its makeup and the percentage of elements used in its creation. Mar 22, 2018 the higher molybdenum content in grade 316 can have adverse effects on formability. Each of these stainless steel grades will resists corrosion, are quite durable, and are easily formed and fabricated. Typical uses include exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical equipment. The selection of the appropriate stainless steel grade for each applic ation is the result of variou s considerations. Any time you see stainless steel railings, metallic piping or noncorrosive liquid storage tanks, it is 304 steel. A common misconception about stainless steel is that it is not affected by corrosion. Corrosion susceptibility and allergy potential of austenitic stainless.
Well known stainless steel as well, with very high corrosion resistance. How to identify stainless steel materials 304 and 316civmats. The difference in their structure is primarily the addition of molybdenum to. The first key difference between 304 grade stainless steel and 316 grade stainless steel relates to composition. Tables of technical properties of stainless steels flat products.
Sep 27, 2012 type 316 stainless steel is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless and heatresisting steel with superior corrosion resistance as compared to other chromiumnickel steels when exposed to many types of chemical corrodents such as sea water, brine solutions, and the like. In short, stainless steel 316 offers better protection than type 304 to 99% of common media present in applications. The short answer is stainless steel 316 is more corrosion resistant to. Click here to view our 304 vs 316 stainless steel infographic. While misleading, the phenomenal success of the metal makes this common belief understandable. Difference between 316l and 302304 stainless steel wire. This new edition takes into account advances in understanding in the structural behaviour.
The 300 series stainless steel grades 304 and 316 contain nickel from 8 to 14% in addition to the chromium that must be present. Stainless steel datasheets revised november 2011 page 1 of 1 au austenitic stainless steels 301, 301l, 301ln high strength for roll formed structural components 302hq low work hardening rate grade for cold heading fasteners 303, 303se freemachining bar grades 304, 304l, 304h standard 188 grades 310, 310s, 310h high temperature resistant grades. Stainless steel ss is the name given to a group of iron based alloys that contain at least 10. If the stainless steel surface is machined or accidentally damaged, the passive layer instantaneously reforms, in.
In some instances type 304 can be used in the aswelded condition. Typical uses include exhaust manifolds, furnace parts, heat exchangers, jet engine parts, pharmaceutical and photographic equipment, valve and pump trim, chemical equipment, digesters, tanks, evaporators, pulp, paper and textile processing equipment, parts exposed to marine atmospheres and tubing. Guide to stainless steel finishes in the eurostar international railway station at ashford, england, stainless steel panels were extensively used for the control desks and refreshment area. It has a greater resistance to chemical attack than the 304 family.
Since nickel is the driving force in stainless steel market price, equipment suppliers using reduced elemental content gain a tremendous cost advantage. Stainless steel intermediate metal conduit imc conduit. For example, type 316 contains about the same amount of chromium as type 304, more nickel, and 2 to 3% molybdenum. Email this page download pdf download pdf printable page. Aisi 304 is used most frequently, which results from its anticorrosion properties as compared to the price. Chromium increases tensile strength, hardness, hardenability, toughness resistance to wear and abrasion, resistance to corrosion and scaling at elevated temperatures. Jul 01, 2020 the difference between type 304 and 316 stainless steel is the incorporation of molybdenum of up to 3%. We found that by using 316 stainless steel instead of 304 stainless steel on an. It offers the standard corrosion resistance, formability, strength, and easy maintenance for which stainless is known. The sheet is cut to size and punched to form the locking device. Type 301 stainless steel dramatically reduces the nickel content.
Calbrites imc is manufactured with or without threads. It is these alloying elements added to the iron base that makes stainless steel very different from carbon steel. This suggests that type 304 is not suitable for use with sulfuric acid solutions. Type 316, type 316l uns s31600, uns s31603 integrity stainless. Chemical and physical properties are in accordance with en 10088. Type 304 stainless steel is considered to resist pitting and crevice corrosion in waters containing up to about 100 ppm chloride. Gibson stainless offers rigid heavywall, schedule 40 conduit in type 316 ss and type 304 ss. Each 10 length of conduit is supplied with one coupling and a color coded thread protector for the opposite end. Types 302 s30200, 304 s30400, 304l s30403, and 305 s30500 stainless steels are variations of the 18 percent chromium 8 percent nickel austenitic alloy, the most familiar and most frequently used alloy in the stainless steel family.
As a popular stainless steel grade, 316 stainless steel has many variants like l, h, f, and n, which come in subtle differences. The difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel metal. Linkpipe purchases 1826 gage cold rolled 304 and 316 stainless steel to astm specifications a267 and a240 from warehouse stock. Here are some situations where 316 stainless steel may be the better choice. Because of its greater resistance to oxidations, its also widely used in refining equipment, fasteners, pulp and paper. The environment includes a high amount of corrosive elements. Type 316 stainless steel in an environment of 25% phosphoric acid, and figure 3 shows effects of temperature on types 304 and 316 in very concentrated sulfuric acid. Type 316 316l is nonmagnetic in the annealed condition but may become slightly magnetic as a result of welding. Ak steel 444 is equivalent to type 304 in many corrosion environments and has lower coefficient of expansion and better. What is the difference between stainless steel 304 and 316. Type 304 is only resistant to up to 3% acid at room temperature while type 316 is resistant to up to 20% acid at temperatures of up to 50 c.
Stainless 316 contains more nickel than stainless 304, while 304 contains more chromium than 316. The most popular 304 grade stainless contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel though other alloys exist within the same grade. The addition of molybdenum provides pitting resistance in phosphoric acid, acetic acid and dilute chloride solutions and provides corrosion resistance in sulfurous. It has excellent forming and welding characteristics. Pdf the article presents the analysis results of the influence of laser. Manual on protective linings for flue gas desulphurization systems, special technical. The key difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel in chemical composition is molybdenum element, 316 haves 2 3% of it, however, 304 does not have, this is the most important factor to decide their use range, both grades have similar proportion of other alloys corrosion resistance. Our plain sheets consist of stainless steel 304, 430 and 316l with these finishes. X x 2 2 x 2 2 a a tevnb ammonia ammonia anhydrous 1 x x 2 1 1 2 1 a x tenb.
Types 316 s31600, 316l s31603, 317 s31700, 317l s31703. Although called stainless steels, austenitic steels are. Sae 304 ss also known as a2 stainless or 188 for its composition of 18% chromium and 8% nickel. Nickel gives stainless steel hardness and strength.
The short answer is stainless steel 316 is more corrosion resistant to chemicals due to the added 2% molybdenum content, it is more resistant to salt corrosion. Type 316 is widely used in applications requiring corrosion resistance superior to type 304, or good elevated temperature strength. The term 188 is used interchangeable to characterize a series of different stainless steel grades, to include 304 and 305. Hydrochloric acid on the other hand is not recommended and will damage all stainless steel. Here well talk about a common type 316l, whats the difference between 316 and 316l stainless steel, plus alloy 316 definition, composition, properties, and applications. Stainless steel is a big family and wide used metal material, there are various grades in this group, these grades have special chemical composition and properties to suit various applications, two of them are remarkable grades, namely, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel, the most stainless steel grades are used all over the world.
The purpose of this guide is to help you to compare the different grades. It has almost the same physical and mechanical properties as 304 stainless steel, and contains a similar material makeup. Up to 57% decrease by weight versus type 316 stainless steel. Black cat jsc so sanh ss304 vs ss316stainless steel. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. For greater resistance to corrosion, especially in marine environments, specifiers often select type 316, which has a higher alloy content than. These two stainless steels are very similar in their mechanical properties and are among most widely used austenitic stainless steels 304 edging out 316 for most prevalent. Steels are classified in part based on chromium and alloy content and crystalline structure. Its main function in stainless 316 is to help fight off corrosion from chlorides. However, type 304 is still commonly used as it offers good protection to most applications and is the more economical choice. This remains the same regardless if you are using 304 316 regular or lgrade 304 316. A closer look into type 316 as compared to type 302 304 and common uses.
1232 1262 602 1134 1124 1209 1678 1098 965 1648 547 532 789 1130 1489 578 729 502 1083 335 1262 6 1683 322 1471 1722 852 1070